Apparatus for crushing or reducing minerals, ores, and other materials



Sept. 25, 1923.

. H. A. STOCKMAN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR REDUCING MINERALS, ORES, AND OTHER MATERIALS i Filed Feb 2 as 67 66 6/ 42 J HARRY AUGUST STOCKIVIAN, OF JOHANNESBUIEt-G, T'B-ANSVAAL, SOUTH AFRICA, AS-

SIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO \VILLIAIi'I EDWIN BLELOGH, O]? JOHANNESB'URG, TR.9.l\l'S-.

. VAAL, SOUTH AFRICA.

APPARATUS FORYCEUSHING OR REDUCING MINERALS, ORES, AND OTHEE MATERIALS.

Application filed February 7,

T 01 fitiLf-WZ- it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY riUeUsT'S'rooK- nan, a subject of the King of Sweden, and resident of Johannesburg, Transvaal Province, Union of South Africa, have invented cer n new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Crushing or Reducing Minerals, Ores, and Other lllaterials (for which 1 have tiled applications in Union of South zit-rm. No. 5240- 1921, filed 20th May, 1921, and 16-38 o 1921, filed 3rd November, 1921; Great Britain, No. 17951 of 1921, filed 1st July, 1921: Southern Rhodesia No. 1689, filed 20th September, 1921), of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to a means or apparatus for crushing or reducing minerals, ores and other materials or substances, and more especially for the fine or comparatively tine crushing of such materials or substances.

The object of the invention is to construct an e'iiicient apparatus adapted to deal eXpe-- ditiously with the material and toreduce the same to any desired size of product.

The invention consists of a machine or apparatus in which the crushingof the material is effected between a stationary block or anvil and an opposing crushing jaw or pivoted member which crushing jaw or pivoted member is opera-ted by means of a fluid actuated percussion tool or device, which impacts upon the back of the crushing aw, et cetera.

T he apparatus can include one or any other desired number of double-acting percussion tools.

The invention will be described in detail with the aid of the accompanying; drawings wherein it is illustrated embodied in a duplex, double-acting machine. In the drawings, I

Fig. 1 is aiplan of the complete machine and illustrating certain modifications in dotted lines,

Fig". 2 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus, the plane of section being illustrated by the dotted line :c-m, Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of Fig. 2 on line Fig. 4: is a sectional elevation on' line 2-2 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of the valve chest of the percussion device the plane of 1922. Serial No. 534,759.

section being indicated by the line azy in Fig. 2, and Fig. 6 is a cross section of the main frame and cylinders on line ye Fig. 3, the other parts of the machine being omitted.

The machine, ronstructed as'illustrated, comprises a rectangular or other suitably shaped frame 1 between the sides of which frame the duplex, double-acting percussion device 2 is arranged and supported at its 7 ends, as indicated at 3, 1. in W Figs. 1, 3 and 6-be1ng bo ts for fixing the,

cylinder ,6 of the percussioii e 2 upon the parts 3, 4 of the frame 1. both ends 2 of the frame 1 downwardly extendingparts 7, 8, are provided which have affixed to them by means of angle iron supports 9, inclined aprons or plates 10 on to the upper end ofwhich the crushedmaterial will fall and by which it will be delivered clear of the n" chine at bothends of the frame 1.- The; downwardly extending portionsarc shown of U shape. and in their lower portions are" constructed, as shown at 11, to pivptaiy support at each end of the frame 1 a pair of upwardly extending bars or rods 12-, 13 which form the supporting: members for the two pairs of crushing jaws 14-, 15.

The ends of the frame 1 at the. inside are ach constructed to receive or form hous.- for 'a preferably adjustable block or anvil 16, 17, respectively.

The means shown for adjustingthe anvils or blocks 16. 17 comprises for each of said anvils or blocks 16. 17, a wedge-shaped mcrn her 18 which on the one side engages with the back ofthe anvil or blocl: 16. 17 and on the other side engages a correspondine wedgeshaped stationary member 19, housed within the back end of the frame 1. The

wedges are adjustable by vertically ar ranged bolts 20 which pass through the top of the rear end of the frame 1. as indicated at 21 in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. The anvils or blocks are secured in the desired position by horizontally placed bolts 22 passing through 7 tom with an. extension and with a rec as tained.

J tapering recesses 25, one for r the two opposing crushing jaws l4, he ribs or projections are termed s'des of and between the recesses 25 serve as contactsurfaces for the crushing jaws at the end or" their crushing strokes, T depth. it any, of the recesses the bottom oi the anvils or clocks l6, determines the size of the crushed product ob By substituting anvil blocks 16, T

*'erint depths o recesses 20 of product can he obtained.

e wearing plates are provid- (i HHS at the sides of the crushing; ja vs ant. anvil blocks, and fixed thereon by countersunk bolts 28,

The crushing" jaws 14, 15 of which, in the downwa rdl arrangement shown, two are provided for each end of the frame 1, are placed side by side so that the pair l4, 15, at ear end co-operates with the single anvil lilo-c 16 or 1'? arranged in front of them. Ear

crushing jaw 14, 15 is shown at 2-9. incline ing face, to form a hoppenshaped recess with the crushing face oi" the opposing anvils 16. 17. to receive the material to he crushed, and they are preferably construct ed with a boss or projection 30 at the back, against which the corresponding; hammer of the percussion device 2 will act. They are also each constructed at l bot- 33 extending up into the crushing jaw tor suitahle distance, into which recess 83 the r f end of the supporting rod or bar 12, 1 respecti ely, projects and suitably as for example by a quantity of i run in in a molten If preferred rushing jaws and their supporting bars l cast or otherwise made integral, or e crushing aws may be cast on the ends of he l are. 7

The crushingjaws 14, 15 at their upper ends are constructed as indicated "at 34, to hare pirotally attached to them the ends of a pair of connecting rods or linlrs 36, the crushing 14 at the one end the frame being thereby connected ith the corresponding; crush'i o jaw 14 at the same side in the other end the frame, by the linl: and the crushing jaws l5 at opp ,9 ends and the other side of th tran heme similarly connected by the other link In each of these coni'iecting rc there is )reterablv nro iiled a Yes i,

J 1. allow 31. 38. IGSOQCt'L Q-l which scrye F I Y. K

the rubber butter, and, say, tour T-shaped bolts 42 which pass through holes in the T heads 40 of the sections, which latter will be placed at right angles to eaca other at opposite ends or the coupling. ralit-y' of the plates may be placed (as shown) or both ends of the but i 38 to provide for any desired adjustinmt o the coupling The percussion device 2 is fashioned with the parallel cylinders 6, formed integral with a common valve chest 43 positioned centrally of and beneath said cylinders and providing, between said yali'e chest 43 and the ends of both cylinders 6, induction ports or passages 44, 45, and two exl-aust ports 46, 47 which are comm-onto the adjacent ends of both of the The cylinders 6, ashereinbefore described, rest upon the cross pieces 3, 4 of the main frame 1, which, as shown in Fig. are shaped to accommodate said cyli ders, and they are secured in position by the bolts 5 which pass through a web between the cylinders and through said cross piecessee 6.

in each end of each cylinder there is arranged the impact block or piece 31, which, at its inner end, receives the impacts of the hammer pistons 48, 49. At their outer ends the apact blocks or pieces transmit the blows to the backs of their corresponding crushing jaws l4, 1!. 50 represents suit-able .lringr arranged in grooves around the im pact pieces 31. The impact pieces 31 may, as shown, be enlarged and rounded at their outer ends where they strike the crusiiinn j aws, and reduced at their inner ends where they receive the blows of the hammer pistons 48, 49.

The pistons 48, are shown formed with annular groo es 5l -placed at suitable dis tances apart along the length oi the si e. These annular grooves reduce the area of the pistons in contact with the cyliiiiders.

any lea e past the j 'stons is retarded The inlet 52 ior the st L11}. compressed air or other pressure fluid is provided through the top of the valve chest and between the cylinders 6. and the exhaust ports 46, 47 are provided at dimnetricell, opposite sides of the valve chest 43, intermediate and below the cylinders 6, while the inlet or induction ports 44-, 45 pass from the valve chest opposite sides oi the central eX- haust ports 46, 4?, respectiyely. tothe adjacent ends of both cylinders 6see Figs. 2 5 The bottom of the induction ports cylinders 6,

inserts v g I or passages are preferably downwardly'inclined in the direction ofthe valve chest 13 so that any water of condensation passes out through the exhaust ports 46, 471 with the exhaust fluid.

The valve comprises a part 53 which forms a housing for two valve members 54, 55 which co-operate with the induction and exhaust ports at opposite sides of the valve chest The valve members 54, 55 are kept on their seatings by means of springs 56 piaced between the backs of the valve members 54, 55, and the recesses provided for 'illGlll in the valve housing 53. 57 is a valve spindle which passes in through a gland 56 positioned at the top between the cylinders 6 and at its inner end is fixed in the valve housing and rests in a footstep or like bearing 59, which is provided with suitable anti-frict on means. The footstep bearing 59 may be provided centrally of the valve chest cover 60 which is suitably fixed to the underside of the valve chest 13.

The means shown for actuating the valve through the spindle 57. comprises a shaft 61 journalled in the sides of the frame 1, a pulley 62 for driving said shaft 61. an eccentric 63 on the shaft 61, an eccentric strap 64 and rod 65, and an operating lever 66 which is fixed upon and transmits the movement of the rod to the valve spindle 57. A ball or other suitable universal or like joint 67 is provided between the end of the eccentric rod and the valve actuating lever 66.

.1 drain cock 68 is fitted in the cover 60 of the valve chest 43 for draining off any water of condensation from the valve chest 43. prior to starting the machine. after which the water of condensation will pass out with the exhaust, as previously explained.

Instead ofcoupling the crushing jaws together in opposing pairs as shown and described. so as to ensure that as the blow is Struck on the one crushing jaw. the connecting rod will draw the opposing crush- Eng jaws away from the anvil block and thereby enable the material to settle or move down to be crushed at the next blow. each of the crushinsr jaws may. as shown in dotted lin s at 69 in Fig. 1. have attached to it one end of a tension spring. 70. which is preferably adjustahly attached at its other end to a cross member 71 fixed between the sides of I hopper-shaped feed openings between the crushing jaws and the anvils. and tends to move down or gravltate through the opening between the same. As the back of each of the crushing jaws is struck by the impact pieces or members, the blows are transmitted crushed. The crushed materialifalls through the bottom of the openings on tothe plates or chutes 16 and may be received in a hop-- per or any other receptacle placed thereunder for its reception. The action of the crushing jaws allowing the material to fall through the openings bctweenthe anvils and crushing jaws after said material has been be replenished and thereby ensure automatic feeding of the material to the crushing faces. The coupling rods 35. 36. orspring 70.. by returning the crushing jaws to the posit on givinrr the widest feed opening, allows the material to pack in the hopper shaped opening as it moves towards the crushing -es. The crushing jaws can be set so as to crush or reduce the material. to

anv desired size of granular or fragmentary, 3

product.

h at I claim as m invention and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1 ip arctus or crushing or reducing mine als. o es and othe material. corins. in combination. a pa r of opposi ed stationary an'vils. an oppo ing c'rushjaw for each anvil. and'a fluid actuated e c ssi e evice which po itivelv operated in both direct ons and arranacd hctween the crushing jaws and adapted to directly ii'npact upon and so actuate one of said crushing ws at the end of each stroke as set forth.

Apparatus for crushinr. or reducingminerals. ores and other material.comprising. in combination a pair of oppositely arranged stationary anvils; a plurality 'of crushing jaws co-operating with each anvil and fluid actuated percussive devices which are positivelv operated in both directions and intermediate the c ushin and each adapted to directly impact'upon and so actuate one of said crushin jaws at the end of each stroke. as set forth.

Apparatus for crushing or reducinq minerals. ores and other material. compris- 11151. in combination. a pair of oppositelvan reduced. permits the supply of material to.

ranged stationary anvils. an opposing rushing iaw for each anvil. a fluid actuated per cussive device which is positively operated in bo h directions and arranged between. the

crushing. i aws and adapted to dircctlv-impact upon and so actuate one ofsaid crushing jaws the end of each stroke; and means resi ntly connecting the opposing crushinc" aws. as set forth.

4. Apparatus for crushing-- or reducing.

minerals ores and other material. compris ing, in combination, a pair of oppositely ar-,

crushing we-operating with each anvil, fluid actuated percussive devices which are positively operated in both directions and arranged intermediate the crushing; jaws and each adapted to directly impact upon and so actuate one of said crushing jaws at the end of each stroke, and means resiliently connecting the opposing crushing aws, as set forth.

5. Apparatus for crushing: or reducing minerals, ores and other material, coinuris ing, in combination, a pair of oppositely ranged stationary anvils, a plurality of crushing jaws co-operating with each anvil fluid actuated, percussive devices which positively operated in both directions and arranged intermediate the crushing jaws and each adapted to directly impact upon and so actuate one of said crushir aws at the end of each stroke and ne constructed at each end to provide a Viousing for a stationary anvil and with extensions to carry the pivotal supports forthe co-operaing crushing aws, set forth.

6. Apparatus for crushing or reducing minerals, ores and other material, comprising', in combination a pair of oppositely ar ranged stationary anvils, an opposing crushing 1' aw for each anvil, a. fluid actuated percussive device which is positively operated in'both directions and'arranged between the crushing jaws and adapted to directly in;-

pact upon and so actuate one of said crushing jaws at the end of each stroke, and a frame which serves as a housing for the stationary an fiiti lQ being; constructed with extensions to carry the pivotal supports for the co-operating crushing aws and with parts which carry the percussive devices; as set forth.

7. Apparatus for crushing or reducing minerals oresand other material. comprising, in combination; a pair of oppositely arranged stationary 'anvils, an opposing crushing j for each anvil, a fluid actuated percussive device which is positively operated in both directions and arranged between the crushing jaws and adapted to directly im'- two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY AUGUST STOCKMAN.

Witnesses:

CHAS. ()vnNoALn, ARTHUR W. HACKER. 

